The path can be broken down into this basic framework.
We begin by restraining ourselves from acting in emotionally disturbing ways such as stealing, lying, and acting in anger. When we act in these ways - we harm ourselves first. The mind of someone stealing is not a peaceful mind. As such, we must first practice virtuous restraint to calm down our minds. If we continually engage in emotionally disturbing actions, we will be too coarse to engage in meditative practice.
Once we have a foundation of virtue, we further sharpen our minds using concentration meditation. We hone our ability to hold in frame, without being distracted, a highly resolved picture of reality. We are able to notice subtle details of our experience that are normally overlooked. We train this skill with breath meditation.
Finally, with our sharpened minds, we observe the changing nature of reality and gain insight into the high-level patterns of our experience. In the same way that building a skyscraper that is not in accordance with Newton’s Laws leads to suffering (and a collapsing building), living a life out of harmony with the patterns of experience leads to discontent.
As our insight continues to develop, we can further refine our virtuous restraint to live more in alignment with our realizations. This in turn allows us to practice concentration more effectively, leading to an even sharper mind that can discern even more subtle truths. And so the cycle continues.